ST JOHN AMBULANCE – BREATHING

ST JOHN AMBULANCE – BREATHING     

To assess for spontaneous breathing:

a. Place your ear over the casualty’s mouth and nose while maintaining an open

    airway.

b. Assess for breathing by:

• Looking for the chest rise and fall

• Listening for air escaping during exhalation

• Feeling for the flow of air from the mouth and nose

c. If any of the above is present, the casualty is still breathing.

d. If all of the signs of breathing are absent, it can be presumed that the victim is

not breathing and is in cardiac arrest.

e. It should not take more than 10 seconds to complete the breathing assessment.

If you are still not sure by this time, presume the casualty is in cardiac arrest.

f. The casualty now requires CPR, starting with chest compressions.

Chest compressions

Chest compressions consist of serial, rhythmic applications of pressure over the

lower half of the sternum (breastbone). Locating the correct hand position for chest

compressions should be done quickly and not take more than 2 to 3 seconds.

CONTACT US:

 ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786

Email:  stjohn77@yahoo.co.in,

             stjohnambattur@gmail.com

             stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

St John Ambulance – Opening of Airways

St John Ambulance – Opening of Airways

Opening of airway

                 Perform a head tilt-chin lift man oeuvre to open the airway if there is no evidence of head and neck injuries. In the unresponsive state, muscle tone is impaired resulting in the tongue falling backward and obstructing the airway. As the tongue is attached  to the lower jaw, moving the lower jaw forward will lift the tongue away from the back of the throat and open the airway.

To perform a head tilt-chin lift man oeuvre:

a. Place one hand on the casualty’s forehead and apply firm backward pressure with your palm to tilt the head back.

b. Place the fingers of your other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw to lift  the jaw forward.

Note:

• Do not press deeply into the soft tissues under the chin as this might obstruct the airway

• Do not use your thumb to lift the chin

• If head or neck injury is suspected, perform a jaw thrust or a gentle chin lift

CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050.

 Ph :   044-26242318.
Cell:   8056079747, 

           9840799786

Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in,

stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) PROCEDURES

CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION  (CPR) PROCEDURES

Determine unresponsiveness

Quickly assess and determine whether the person is responsive. The rescuer should

tap the casualty on his shoulders and shout, “Hello? Hello? Are you ok?”

Avoid violent shaking of the casualty as this might result in injury. Also avoid

unnecessary movements of his neck to prevent injuries to the head and neck.

If the casualty does not respond, he is likely to be unconscious. This may be due to:

• An airway that is blocked by food, secretions or his tongue which has fallen

Backwards

• Breathing that has stopped

• A heart that has stopped beating, usually due to a heart attack

Activate Emergency Ambulance Service (EAS)

If the casualty does not respond, promptly appoint someone to dial the emergency

ambulance number 995. Most people with sudden cardiac arrest will require

defibrillation. Therefore, send someone to get the AED.

Provide the person calling for an ambulance with the following information:

a. Location of the casualty

b. Telephone number you are calling from

c. What happened, e.g. someone is having a heart attack or is unconscious

d. The number of persons who need help

The caller should only hang up only after being instructed to do so by the ambulance

dispatcher.

Positioning of casualty

For CPR to be effective, the casualty must be lying flat on his back on a firm flat

surface. Roll the casualty over onto his back if he is lying face down or on his side.

Take care that the head, neck and body are supported and turned simultaneously

during repositioning.

CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE – SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST PART – 1

ST JOHN AMBULANCE – SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST  PART – 1

The first link: Early access

—  

Early access encompasses the events initiated after the

casualty’s collapse until the arrival of the ambulance crew.

Early recognition of signs of sudden cardiac

arrest and the prompt activation of ambulance via 995 isvital.

This also involves giving way to ambulances on the road and

giving ambulance crew priority when they use elevators,

stairs and corridors to reach casualties.

The second link: Early CPR:

The time interval between the activation of the ambulance service and the arrival

of the ambulance crew is typically longer than five minutes. Brain cells can live

without oxygen for 4-6 minutes before they begin to die, and any damage to

the brain after 10 minutes cannot be repaired. In situations of cardiac arrest,

Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is the only way to ensure oxygen and

blood are supplied to the brain and vital organs. If CPR is performed promptly

and correctly, heart function may be restored and circulation maintained until

institution of other life support measures such as the use of Automated External

Defibrillators (AED).

The third link: Early defibrillation:

                Studies have shown that early defibrillation is most likely to improve the

Survival rates of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The most common

initial rhythm in cardiac arrest is the Ventricular Fibrillation (VF). This can

progress to death if not treated and the death rate increases by 10% for

every minute without defibrillation. The following shows a VF rhythm:

—  As defibrillation works best in the first few minutes after the onset of cardiac arrest, many

organisations have installed an AED within their premises. An AED is a device that interprets

heart rhythms, advises the operator whether a shock is needed and delivers electrical shock to

the heart upon activation.

—  As defibrillation works best in the first few minutes after the onset of cardiac arrest, many

organisations have installed an AED within their premises. An AED is a device that interprets

heart rhythms, advises the operator whether a shock is needed and delivers electrical shock to 

the heart upon activation.

Training Details:

v  First Aid Training.

v  Fire safety Training .

v  Health and safety training.

v  Safety passport training.

v  Safety clinic training

CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI -SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST

—  It is a condition where the casualty’s heart stops beating owing to a

heart attack.

Statistics

—  Heart disease is the second most common cause of death. About

—  2,400 persons develop an acute heart attack every year. In addition,

close to 1,400  persons suffer from sudden cardiac arrest in the out

of-hospital environment.total survival rate for pre-hospital

collapses is about 2.6%1.Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest

—  • Heart attack

—  • Choking

—  • Drowning

—  • Stroke

—  • Drug overdose

—  • Suffocation

—  • Smoke inhalation

—  • Electrocution

—  • Severe allergic reactions

—  • Severe trauma

—  The chain of survival

—  The ‘Chain of Survival’ is an approach for treating casualties with cardiac arrest. A

—  weak or missing link in the ‘Chain of Survival’ will lead to a poor chance of survival.

Training Details:

v  First Aid Training.

v  Fire safety Training .

v  Health and safety training.

v  Safety passport training.

v  Safety clinic training

   CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318. 

Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI - STROKE

A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is disrupted, and it may lead to longtermdisability in the casualty. It is therefore important to seek medical help as soon as possible when someone collapses from stroke.

ž  

Signs of stroke:

ž   Sudden numbness/weakness of the face, arm or leg. It usually happens to one

   side of the body

ž   Sudden confusion, having trouble speaking or understanding speech

ž  Sudden blurring of vision

ž  Sudden loss of balance and coordination, dizziness and having trouble walking

ž  Sudden severe headache with no known cause

    If you suspect someone to be suffering from stroke, dial 995 immediately for an ambulance.

Training Details:

v  First Aid Training.

v  Fire safety Training .

v  Health and safety training.

v  Safety passport training.

v  Safety clinic training

   CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

    stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com 

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI -FITS

Common causes of fits

Ø  Epilepsy

Ø  Head injury

Ø  High fever in infants

Signs of fits

Ø  Clenching of teeth and rolling of eyes

Ø  Casualty falls to the ground

Ø  Uncontrolled movements occur (e.g. jerking of limbs)

Ø  Incontinence may occur

Ø  Muscular spasms or convulsive movements eventually stop and casualty

Ø  becomes drowsy or even unconscious

When someone is experiencing an episode of fits

Ø   Keep sharp and dangerous objects away from casualty

Ø   Do not restrict his movements

Ø   Do not place anything into his mouth as it will cause injury

Ø   Treat any injuries once the fits are over

Ø   Send the casualty for medical attention

Training Details:

v  First Aid Training.

v  Fire safety Training .

v  Health and safety training.

v  Safety passport training.

v  Safety clinic training

CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI -BURNS AND SCALDS

Burns and scalds are damages to the body tissues caused by heat, chemicals,electricity or radiation. The damages may be extensive or superficial

.

Causes of burns and scalds

• Presence of heat: naked flame, hot iron, boiling   water, hot oil

• Absence of heat: liquid nitrogen

• Chemicals: Acids, alkalis

• Electrical: electricity, lightning

• Radiation: sun rays

Extent of burn:

Potentially serious or critical burns are highly dependent on the age group as well as the depth of burns. They include:

• Partial-thickness (2nd degree) burns greater than 20% of Body Surface Area

(BSA)

• Full-thickness (3rd degree) burns greater than 10% of BSA

• All burns involving the face, eyes, ears, hands, feet or genitalia

• All burns involving children and elderly

Treatment for burns and scalds

a. Stop the burning process.

b. For chemical burns, wash off the chemicals.

c. Use the four Cs:

Ø  Cool the injured part under cold running water or immerse it in cold water for about 10 minutes.

Ø  Gently remove any Constrictions such as a bracelet, ring, watch or constricting clothing from the injured area before it starts to swell.

Ø  Cover the injured area to prevent infection. Use clean, preferably sterile, nonadherent material (e.g. handkerchief, dressing etc.).

Ø  Consult the doctor or convey to hospital.

Training Details:

v  First Aid Training.

v  Fire safety Training .

v  Health and safety training.

v  Safety passport training.

v  Safety clinic training

CONTACT US:

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in,

stjohambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI -SPRAINS

Sprains occur at joints and involve the ligaments, the most common being sprained ankles. A strain, however, is an injury to the muscles and tendons, especially when they are stretched.

TRAINING DETAILS:

vFIRST AID TRAINING.

vFIRE SAFETY TRAINING .

vHEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING.

vSAFETY PASSPORT TRAINING.

vSAFETY CLINIC TRAINING.

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE:

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747,8643055672.
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com

ST JOHN AMBULANCE CHENNAI -IMMOBILISATION

IMMOBILISATION:

Immobilisation of upper limb injury:

Applicable for dislocation or fracture involving the:

• Shoulder

• Upper arm

• Forearm

• Wrist

Procedure

a. Sit casualty down and support the injured arm

horizontally.

b. Apply open arm sling as shown.

Immobilisation of lower limb injury

Applicable for dislocation or fracture involving the hip, pelvis and lower limbs.

Procedure

a. Straighten the injured leg as much as possible.

b. Bring the uninjured leg (which acts as a splint) to the injured leg.

c. Slide bandages under both legs as shown.

d. Insert padding between the knees and ankles.

e. Bandage the legs together as shown and knot on the side of the uninjured leg.

ST.JOHN AMBULANCE

No.714, 1st Floor, MTH Road, Mannurpet,
Padi, Chennai – 600050. Ph: 044-26242318.
Cell: 8056079747, 9840799786
Email: stjohn77@yahoo.co.in, stjohnambattur@gmail.com

stjohnambulancepadi@gmail.com